
美國一家名為 R3 Bio 的新創公司,在多年保持低調後,其內部目標近日浮出水面,引發巨大倫理爭議。該公司據傳旨在透過基因工程,培養出缺乏大腦皮層的「無腦」人體複製體,以作為超高淨值人士的永久性組織儲存庫,進而追求生物永生。
表面上,這家位於加州 Richmond 的 R3 Bio 公司,曾公開宣稱其任務是開發「無感知猴器官囊」,以革新毒理學測試。然而,據內部洩漏的文件顯示,創辦人 John Schloendorn 曾向投資人闡述一項更為激進的願景:透過培育缺乏新皮層(neocortex,負責高級認知功能的大腦區域)的人類複製體,最終實現「全身替換」。他甚至以水無腦畸形症(一種新生兒缺乏大腦皮層的罕見缺陷)為例,證明在子宮內抑制大腦發育的可行性,並計畫利用基因工程與 CRISPR(基因編輯技術)來達成此目標。
R3 Bio 已獲得早期支持,投資者包括億萬富翁提姆·德雷珀(Tim Draper)與 LongGame Ventures 等基金。該公司也與 Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H) 的專案經理 Jean M. Hébert 保持合作關係,後者負責腦組織修復的相關工作。此類研究在矽谷的實驗性前沿領域蓬勃發展,跨人類主義者(transhumanists)、生命延長倡議者與風險投資者在此集結,共同推動一項名為「生命論」(Vitalism)的運動,主張積極重新分配資源以對抗衰老。史丹佛大學等知名研究機構的學者也已開始討論人體備用零件製造的可能性,這使得激進的生物干預措施逐漸進入公眾討論的視野。
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This was inspired by a natural condition called hydraencephaly. Hydraencephaly is a disease where the infant is born but the cerebral cortex is not developed. Instead you have spinal fluid there. So that infant can chew, they can swallow, they can function, but they can never develop consciousness or any advanced brain function. So if we can trigger this artificially in the future, it might become a backup body for yourself. Imagine if we can do a brain transplant. Then this new body can become our second home.
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