【時事台】劍橋: 口罩阻斷100%武肺 by 教皇罩梟一世

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劍橋: 口罩阻斷100%武肺

75 個回應

教皇罩梟一世

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/29/cambridge-hospitals-mask-upgrade-appears-to-eliminate-covid-19-risk-to-staff

Cambridge hospital’s mask upgrade appears to eliminate Covid risk to staff
Hospital infection study shows use of FFP3 respirators at Addenbrooke’s ‘may have cut ward-based infection to zero’

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/385d2c6e86910e9de2c06cf3fba38829df4b1c33/0_224_4480_2688/master/4480.jpg?width=620&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=bd5de00fd2ff8b32bd53c90f2d5a611b

An NHS hospital that upgraded the type of face masks used by staff on Covid-19 wards recorded a dramatic fall of up to 100% in hospital-acquired coronavirus infections among those workers, research shows.

Addenbrooke’s hospital in Cambridge upgraded the masks from fluid-resistant surgical masks (FRSMs) to filtering face piece 3 (FFP3) respirators, with the change made in late December in response to its own staff testing data.

Public Health England (PHE) had, until recently, recommended that healthcare workers caring for Covid-19 patients should use FRSMs as respiratory protective equipment.

PHE recommended that an FFP3 respirator should be used if an aerosol-generating procedure was being carried out, such as inserting a breathing tube into a patient’s windpipe.

Guidance has been updated recently to oblige NHS organisations to assess the Covid-19 risk to staff and provide FFP3 respirators where appropriate.

Addenbrooke’s has been testing staff for Covid-19 since the start of the pandemic, even when workers showed no symptoms.

Tests indicated that healthcare workers caring for Covid-19 patients were at greater risk of infection than staff on non-Covid wards, even when using the recommended respiratory protective equipment. In response, the hospital’s infection control committee upgraded the type of masks used by staff on Covid-19 wards.

劍橋醫院的口罩升級似乎消除了對員工的 Covid 風險
醫院感染研究表明，在 Addenbrooke 醫院使用 FFP3 呼吸器“可能將病房感染減少到零”

研究表明，一家 NHS 醫院升級了 Covid-19 病房工作人員使用的口罩類型，結果顯示這些工作人員在醫院獲得的冠狀病毒感染率急劇下降了 100%。

位於劍橋的 Addenbrooke 醫院將口罩從防流體外科口罩 (FRSM) 升級為過濾式面罩 3 (FFP3) 呼吸器，並在 12 月底根據自己的員工測試數據進行了更改。

直到最近，英國公共衛生部 (PHE) 還建議照顧 Covid-19 患者的醫護人員應使用 FRSM 作為呼吸防護設備。

標籤：

留名投訴文章快速引用引用原文 29/6/2021 20:36

教皇罩梟一世

如果正在執行產生氣溶膠的程序，例如將呼吸管插入患者的氣管，PHE 建議應使用 FFP3 呼吸器。

最近更新了指南，要求 NHS 組織評估 Covid-19 對員工的風險，並在適當的情況下提供 FFP3 呼吸器。

自大流行開始以來，Addenbrooke's 一直在對員工進行 Covid-19 測試，即使員工沒有表現出任何症狀。

測試表明，即使使用推薦的呼吸防護設備，照顧 Covid-19 患者的醫護人員也比非 Covid 病房的工作人員面臨更大的感染風險。作為回應，醫院的感染控制委員會升級了 Covid-19 病房員工使用的口罩類型。

After the change in protective equipment, the incidence of infection on the two types of ward was similar.

The research has not yet been peer-reviewed, but is being released early because of the urgent need to share information relating to the pandemic.

Dr Chris Illingworth, from the MRC Biostatistics Unit at Cambridge University, said: “Once FFP3 respirators were introduced, the number of cases attributed to exposure on Covid-19 wards dropped dramatically – in fact, our model suggests that FFP3 respirators may have cut ward-based infection to zero.”

The call for better PPE comes as experts warned hospital acquired cases of Covid could continue to pose a challenge even after vaccination, after a study found outbreaks of the Delta variant among healthcare workers in three hospitals in India over a four-week period in April this year, despite many of those involved having received two Covid jabs.

The study, which has been released as a preprint, shows that in one hospital, 30 staff members among an overall workforce of 3,800 developed Covid with symptoms, with most of the infections involving the Delta variant – 11 were apparently linked to one “super-spreader” event.

In a second hospital, of 4,000 healthcare workers, there were 118 symptomatic infections and in a third hospital, of 1,100 healthcare workers, there were 70 symptomatic infections. Again, the majority of those affected had the Delta variant.

The team add that clusters of more than two infected individuals were only found for the Delta variant.

留名投訴文章快速引用引用原文 29/6/2021 20:37

教皇罩梟一世

“The data we present is basically consistent with people who are vaccinated then passing [the infection] on to others,” said Prof Ravi Gupta, of the University of Cambridge, a co-author of the study.

“Whilst vaccines will protect the healthy against severe disease in the community the Delta variant raises the possibility of severe illness in hospital settings where there are vulnerable patients,” he added.

The team say their findings highlight the need for infection control measures to continue in the post-vaccination era.

Dr David Strain, a senior clinical lecturer at the University of Exeter medical school, who was not involved in the research, agreed, noting that while a growing body of data shows vaccinations protect people against Covid, including severe disease, the new work highlights that there remains a risk of carriage and spread of the Delta variant in fully vaccinated individuals.

更換防護裝備後，兩類病房的感染髮生率相似。

該研究尚未經過同行評審，但由於迫切需要共享與大流行有關的信息，因此提前發布。

劍橋大學 MRC 生物統計部門的 Chris Illingworth 博士說：“一旦引入 FFP3 呼吸器，歸因於 Covid-19 病房暴露的病例數量急劇下降——事實上，我們的模型表明 FFP3 呼吸器可能已經割破了病房-基於感染為零。”

專家警告稱，即使在接種疫苗後，醫院獲得的 Covid 病例仍可能繼續構成挑戰，因此呼籲提供更好的個人防護裝備，此前一項研究發現，今年 4 月，印度三家醫院的醫護人員在 4 週內爆發了 Delta 變體。年，儘管其中許多人接受了兩次 Covid 刺戳。

這項已作為預印本發布的研究表明，在一家醫院，3,800 名員工中的 30 名員工感染了新冠病毒並出現症狀，其中大部分感染涉及 Delta 變體——11 名顯然與一個“超級”有關。傳播者”事件。

在第二家醫院，在 4,000 名醫護人員中，有 118 名有症狀感染者，在第三家醫院，在 1,100 名醫護人員中，有 70 名有症狀感染者。同樣，大多數受影響的人都有 Delta 變體。

該團隊補充說，僅在 Delta 變體中發現了超過兩個受感染個體的集群。

該研究的合著者、劍橋大學的拉維·古普塔教授說：“我們提供的數據與接種疫苗的人基本一致，然後將[感染]傳染給他人。”

他補充說：“雖然疫苗將保護健康人免受社區中的嚴重疾病，但 Delta 變體增加了在有脆弱患者的醫院環境中發生嚴重疾病的可能性。”

該團隊表示，他們的發現強調了在疫苗接種後時代繼續採取感染控制措施的必要性。

埃克塞特大學醫學院高級臨床講師 David Strain 博士表示同意，他指出，雖然越來越多的數據顯示疫苗接種可以保護人們免受 Covid 的侵害，包括嚴重疾病，但這項新工作強調在完全接種疫苗的個體中，仍然存在攜帶和傳播 Delta 變體的風險。

留名投訴文章快速引用引用原文 29/6/2021 20:37

教皇罩梟一世

“This would be particularly relevant for healthcare workers who have higher exposure to patients with the virus, and also have a higher potential of coming into contact with the extremely vulnerable for whom the 90% protection that vaccine offers still leaves them at risk,” he said.

“Additionally, with this evidence that fully vaccinated individuals can now catch and spread the virus, albeit without getting sick, we need to be vigilant as to whether this puts people at risk of long Covid,.”

Saffron Cordery, the deputy chief executive of NHS Providers, said the findings were a reminder there is no room for complacency.

“As we have seen, vaccines are breaking the link between infections, hospital admissions and deaths from Covid-19. That is why it’s so important that as many people as possible who are eligible take them up,” she said.

“But they are not a panacea, and trust leaders recognise the continuing importance of rigorous infection control, effective personal protective equipment, and social distancing in countering the spread of Covid-19.”

“這對於與病毒患者接觸率更高的醫護人員尤其重要，並且也有更高的可能性與極度脆弱的人接觸，疫苗提供的 90% 保護仍然使他們處於危險之中，”說。

“此外，有證據表明，完全接種疫苗的人現在可以感染和傳播病毒，儘管不會生病，但我們需要警惕這是否會使人們面臨長期 Covid 的風險。”

NHS Providers 的副首席執行官 Saffron Cordery 表示，調查結果提醒我們，沒有自滿的餘地。

“正如我們所見，疫苗正在打破 Covid-19 感染、入院和死亡之間的聯繫。這就是為什麼讓盡可能多的符合條件的人接受它們如此重要，”她說。

“但它們不是靈丹妙藥，信任領導者認識到嚴格的感染控制、有效的個人防護設備和社交距離在對抗 Covid-19 傳播方面的持續重要性。”

留名投訴文章快速引用引用原文 29/6/2021 20:38